当前版本gitea 1.8 由于不支持katex，决定升级到gitea1.24。不过升级后，打开网页点击首页内容报500错误。
错误提示为
发生了一个错误；
SyncRepoBranches, Error 1366 (22007):Incorrect string value: '\xE8\xA7\xA3\xE5\x86\xB3...' for column `dbnamo`. `branch` `commit_message` at row 1看到\x样的字符，第一反应是字符编码的问题，错误信息提到表branch 的字段commit_message，初步判断是该表的字符集有问题，修改字符集即可。
1、查看gitea官方文档，查看字符集要求如下：
使用 UTF-8 字符集和大小写敏感的排序规则创建数据库。
utf8mb4_bin是 MySQL/MariaDB 的通用排序规则。 Gitea 启动后会尝试把数据库修改为更合适的字符集 (utf8mb4_0900_as_cs或者uca1400_as_cs) 并在可能的情况下更改数据库。 如果你想指定自己的字符集规则，可以在app.ini中设置[database].CHARSET_COLLATION。CREATE DATABASE giteadb CHARACTER SET 'utf8mb4' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin';
2、查看和修改数据库编码show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
数据库字符集应该正常，检查一下报错的branch表编码。
show full columns from branch;
+----------------+--------------+-------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+
| Field | Type | Collation | Null | Key | Default | Extra | Privileges | Comment |
+----------------+--------------+-------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+
| id | bigint(20) | NULL | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | select,insert,update,references | |
| repo_id | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | MUL | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| name | varchar(255) | latin1_swedish_ci | NO | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| commit_id | varchar(255) | latin1_swedish_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| commit_message | text | latin1_swedish_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| pusher_id | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| is_deleted | tinyint(1) | NULL | YES | MUL | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| deleted_by_id | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| deleted_unix | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | MUL | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| commit_time | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| created_unix | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| updated_unix | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
+----------------+--------------+-------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+
修改表的字符集
ALTER TABLE branch CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET 'utf8mb4' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin';
再次查看字符集，已经修改成功。
show full columns from branch;
+----------------+--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+
| Field | Type | Collation | Null | Key | Default | Extra | Privileges | Comment |
+----------------+--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+
| id | bigint(20) | NULL | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | select,insert,update,references | |
| repo_id | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | MUL | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| name | varchar(255) | utf8mb4_bin | NO | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| commit_id | varchar(255) | utf8mb4_bin | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| commit_message | mediumtext | utf8mb4_bin | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| pusher_id | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| is_deleted | tinyint(1) | NULL | YES | MUL | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| deleted_by_id | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| deleted_unix | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | MUL | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| commit_time | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| created_unix | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| updated_unix | bigint(20) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
+----------------+--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+
3、重新启动应用，正常。
